برآورد اثر عوامل تبلیغات و تحقیق و توسعه بر رشد بهره وری خودروسازی ایران

نوع مقاله : کاربردی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

10.30473/jier.2025.73424.1486

چکیده

بهره‌وری یکی از عوامل مهم در رشد و پیشرفت هر صنعت و سازمان محسوب می‌شود و تبلیغات یکی از متغیرهای مهم رفتاری بازار می‌باشد که از کانال سودآوری و رقابت پذیری در صنایع منجر به افزایش بهره‌وری خواهد شد. مخارج تحقیق و توسعه نیز منجر به پیشرفت فناوری، کاهش هزینه‌ها و افزایش بهره‌وری می‌شود. در این پژوهش نرخ رشد بهره‌وری صنعت خودرو به تفکیک کارایی فنی و مقیاس با تأکید بر مخارج تبلیغات و تحقیق و توسعه بررسی می‌شود، که با کمک تابع تجزیه‌پذیر مرزی و رویکرد کامبوکار و لاول به این مهم پرداخته شده‌‌است. برآورد با استفاده از داده‌های کدهای چهار رقمی ویرایش چهارم ISIC بنگاه‌های صنعتی ایران طی دوره زمانی 1381 تا 1399 انجام شده‌است. نتایج نشان می دهد در دوره مطالعه متوسط نرخ رشد بهره‌وری عوامل تولید در صنعت خودرو ایران مقدار منفی دو درصدی را تجربه می‌کند که این نرخ رشد بهره‌وری از کانال افزایش پیشرفت فنی با سهم 7/1 درصد، تغییرات کارایی فنی با سهم 6/0درصد و کاهش 2/4 درصدی کارایی مقیاس نشأت گرفته است؛ در این صنعت بازدهی کاهنده به ‌مقیاس حاکم است و انتظار می‌رود با افزایش مقیاس و ظرفیت تولیدی هزینه هر واحد تولید افزایش یابد. در سطح احتمال 5 درصد مخارج تبلیغات تاثیر منفی و معنادار و مخارج تحقیق و توسعه نیز اثر مثبت و معنادار بر بهره وری صنعت داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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