نوع مقاله : کاربردی
نویسنده
استادیار موسسه مطالعات و پژوهشهای بازرگانی
10.30473/jier.2024.71539.1458
چکیده
بهره‌وری و رقابت در صنایع کارخانه‌ای نقش حیاتی در رشد و توسعه اقتصادی دارند. در هر صنعت، بنگاه‌های مختلف با هم رقابت می‌کنند و دارای سطوح بهره‌وری متفاوت هستند (پراکندگی بهره‌وری). به لحاظ نظری، بین پراکندگی بهره‌وری و رقابت در صنعت یک رابطه منفی وجود دارد. برای بررسی این رابطه در صنایع کارخانه‌ای کشور، ابتدا، بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید در سطح بنگاه‌های با کدهای 4 رقمی آیسیک از روش مولیسی و راویگاتی در 2017 برآورد گردید. سپس پراکندگی بهره‌وری در سطح صنعت با کدهای 2 رقمی آیسیک با شاخص نابرابری جینی محاسبه شد. رفتار رقابتی صنایع در سطح کدهای 2 رقمی آیسیک نیز بر اساس شاخص جان بون در 2008 به عنوان روشی جدید برای محاسبه اندازه رقابت و انحصار برای متوسط دوره زمانی 1395 تا 1399 بدست آمد. سپس رابطه این دو متغیر تحلیل شد. در نهایت، مهمترین یافته‌های مقاله نشان داد که رابطه منفی و معناداری بین رقابت و پراکندگی بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید در صنایع کارخانه‌ای ایران برقرار نیست و به لحاظ آماری استقلال دارند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
Amador, J., & Soares, A. C. (n.d.). Competition in the Portuguese economy: Insights from a profit elasticity approach, 5-6. (Working Paper).
Aoyama, H., Yoshikawa, H., Iyetomi, H., & Fujiwara, Y. (2008). Productivity dispersion: Facts, theory, and implications. arXiv: General Finance. [preprint]
Backus, M. (2020). Why is productivity correlated with competition. Econometrica.
Bartelsman, E. J., & Wolf, Z. (2018). Measuring productivity dispersion. American Economic Review, 108(12), 3809-3842.
Berlemann, M., & Wesselhoft, H. (2014). Estimating aggregate capital stocks using the perpetual inventory method. Retrieved May 31, 2016, from
Besart, A. (2022). Improving productivity measurement in World Bank Group interventions. World Bank.
Bikker, J. A., & van Leuvensteijn, M. (n.d.). Competition and efficiency in the Dutch life insurance industry, 2071.
Bloom, N., & Van Reenen, J. (2010). Why do management practices differ across firms and countries? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 24(1), 203-224.
Boone, J. (2008). A new way to measure competition. Cit, 1245–1261.
Boone, J. (n.d.). Competition: Theoretical parameterizations and empirical measures, 587-611.
Boone, J., van Ours, C., & van der Wiel, H. P. (n.d.). How (not) to measure competition, 27.
Brown, J. D., Dinlersoz, E., & Earle, J. S. (2021). Productivity dispersion, misallocation, and reallocation frictions: Theory and evidence from policy reforms. Comparative Economic Studies, 64(1), 1-43.
Campbell, S., Nguyen, T., Alexander, S., & Soriano, F. (2019). Measuring productivity dispersion in selected Australian industries. The Australasian Journal of Economics, 43(3), 473-492.
Caselli, F. (1999). Technological revolutions. American Economic Review, 89(1), 78-102.
Creusen, H., Minne, B., & van der Wiel, H. (n.d.). Competition in the Netherlands: An analysis of the period 1993-2001, 19.
Devine, H., Doan, T., Iyer, K., Mok, P., & Stevens, P. (n.d.). Competition in New Zealand industries: Measurement and evidence, 8. (Work in Progress).
Ding, S., Sun, P., & Jiang, W. (2013). Import competition, resource reallocation and productivity dispersion: Micro-level evidence from China (No. wp1307). University of Glasgow, Adam Smith Business School.
Doan, T. (n.d.). Evolution of competition in Vietnam industries over the recent economic transition, 7. (Discussion Paper).
Fung, M. K. (2005). Are knowledge spillovers driving the convergence of productivity among firms? Economics Letters, 88(1), 121-126.
Griffith, R., Boone, J., & Harrison, R. (n.d.). Measuring competition, 5-6.
Haltiwanger, J., et al. (2013). The role of entrepreneurship in US job creation and economic dynamism. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 28(3), 3-24.
Heidary, Kh. (2019). Analysis of the impact of trade on the dispersion of monopoly power in Iran’s industries. Journal of Industrial Economics Research, 3(10), 23-36.in persian.
Hess, G., et al. (2017). Resource allocation and productivity in competitive markets. Journal of Industrial Economics, 65(2), 345-367.
Khodadadkashi, F., Ebadi, J., Kiaalhoseini, S. Z., & Heidary, Kh. (2018). Estimation of market power and its distribution in the food industry in Iran. Agricultural Economics and Development, 26(102), 195-215.in persian.
Lewandowska-Kalina, M. (2012). Productivity dispersion and misallocation of resources: Evidence from Polish industries. Research Papers in Economics, No. 2012/32.
LewandowskaKalina, M. (2012). Productivity dispersion and misallocation of resources: Evidence from Polish industries. Research Papers in Economics.
Li, S., & Marinč, M. (n.d.). Competition in the clearing and settlement industry. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions & Money. Forthcoming.
Martin, R. (2008). Productivity dispersion, competition and productivity measurement (CEPDP Working Paper No. 692). London School of Economics and Political Science, Centre for Economic Performance.
Masahito, A. (2017). Competition effects and industrial productivity: Lessons from Japanese industry. The Economic Review of Otaru University of Commerce, 56(1), 1-22.
Mollisi, V., & Rovigatti, G. (2017). Theory and practice of TFP estimation: The control function approach using Stata. CEIS Tor Vergata, 15(2), No. 399, February 2017.
Nelson, R. R. (1991). Why do firms differ, and how does it matter? Strategic Management Journal, 12(S2), 61-74.
Nicolai, J., et al. (2015). Competition and productivity: Evidence from firm-level data. Economic Journal, 125(589), 1191-1224.
Polemis, M. (2020). A note on the estimation of competition-productivity nexus: A panel quantile approach. The Manchester School, 88(3), 237-253.
Reinsdorf, M. (2019). The Oxford Handbook of Productivity Analysis edited by Emili GrifellTatjé, Knox Lovell and Robin Sickles: A review article. International Productivity Monitor, 37, 156-161.
Schiersch, A., & Schmidt-Ehmcke, J. (n.d.). Empiricism meets theory: Is the Boone-Indicator applicable? (Discussion Paper), 12.
Schmalensee, R., & Willig, R. (Eds.). (1989). Handbook of industrial organization (Vol. 2). Elsevier.
Vahter, P. (2010). Microeconomic effects of competition on productivity in the EU.
von Brasch, T., Iancu, D., & Skjerpen, T. (2020). Productivity dispersion and measurement error. Review of Income and Wealth.
)